Allusion
Definition: an indirect or
passing reference to some event, person, place, or artistic work.
Example: the use of
"Adam and Maiden" in the poem "Fern Hill"
Explanation: the writer is
making a biblical reference to the Garden of Eden and its occupants.
"Maiden", or Eve, was lured out of the Garden by a snake who tempted
her with the forbidden fruit, and the author of Fern Hill is using this
imagery to show how he was thrusted out of adulthood the same way the
antediluvian couple was thrusted out of their home.
Connotation
Definition: "The
emotional implications and associations that words may carry, as distinguished
from their denotative meanings."
Example: Using
"strong-willed" or "pig-headed" instead of
"stubborn" in literature.
Explanation:
"Strong-willed"
has a positive connotation, showing someone who believes in what they preach,
and are hell-bent on achieving what they desire, while pig-headed has a
negative connotation, showing someone who may be difficult to deal. Both have
the same denotation (stubborn) but very different connotations. 
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